Where Did HIV Originated from?

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The origin of HIV is really a topic for debate and scientific research for quite a while considering that the first decides the herpes virus inside the 80s. There’s extensive evidence to choose from illustrating the conditions that led to the HIV/AIDS pandemic it’s today.

We have two types of lentiviruses causing AIDS; human immunodeficiency viruses type 1 and also (HIV-1 and HIV-2). Depending on scientific revelations, both viruses resulted from multiple cross-species transmission of simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) present in African primates. However, such viruses spread to human just to a finite extent where one transmission event involving a kind of SIV affecting chimpanzees in southern portions of Cameroon and Congo- SIVcpz gave rise to HIV-1 which is primary cause of AIDS. Scientists believe, it’s this SIVcpz virus which was transmitted to humans before mutating to HIV-1 upon eating chimpanzee meat and arrived to contact with the primates’ blood.

Slowly but steadily, the herpes virus spread through Africa before finally addressing other parts of the world.

How is HIV connected to SIV?

Both viruses are lentiviruses that attack the disease fighting capability of host bodies. For HIV, it attacks the body’s defense mechanisms with the humankind while SIV affects the body’s defence mechanism of apes and monkeys. Further research reveals the two are closely related and still have many similarities. While HIV-1 is closely related to a strain of SIV n chimpanzees, HIV-2 is about another strain of SIV in sooty mangabeys.

Did HIV come from monkeys?

In the late 90s, a strain of SIV is discovered in chimpanzees by researchers and become almost just like the HIV in mankind. The researchers, upon conducting several tests, deducted that chimpanzees have to have been the cause of HIV-1 and that the herpes virus will need to have crossed to humans someday in time from the chimpanzees. Digging deeper, they discovered that the chimpanzees had hunted down other smaller type of monkeys and eaten them. The smaller monkeys infected the chimpanzees with two other strains of SIV which joined together to form a third strain of virus-SIVcpz which had been later transmitted along with other chimps. The herpes simplex virus ended up being was infect humans.

The crossing of HIV from chimpanzees to humans

The hunter-theory is the most commonly accepted today indicating that the virus crossed to humans as a result of consuming chimpanzee meat along with the primates’ blood engaging in contact with the hunters through open wounds or cuts.

The researchers indicate we now have four main strains of HIV-M, N, O, and P each which has a slightly different genes. This explains the key reason why there are plenty of strains of HIV-1 in humans considering another type of strain of SIV could cross to the human on every occasion they consumed the meat.

The most studied and researched strain is HIV-1 group M, car without any vast spread across the globe and answerable for nearly all HIV infections.

How HIV-2 crossed to humans

HIV-2 is believed to have derive from SIVsmm in sooty mangabey monkeys as opposed to chimpanzees. Additionally, it is shown to have passed to humans just like of consuming the primates’ meat. This strain of HIV is less infectious compared to HIV-1 hence explaining why it truly is rare and simply obtained in a handful of West African countries such as Nigeria, Mali, Mauritania and Sierra Leone.

Where of course, if was the 1st time HIV was detected in Humans?

Some on the earliest forms of HIV have been studies to present any idea on to view the leonids herpes appeared first. The earliest verified case points on the Democratic Republic of Congo where the blood sample of a man drawn in 1959 was diagnosed to own virus. Earlier cases with specific death patterns from common opportunistic disease also claim that the HIV was responsible. However, the very first blood sample that verifies HIV infection may be the one which was used 1959.

Is Africa the original source of HIV?

A “family tree” ancestry of HIV transmission produced by scientists traces back the fundamental cause of HIV being Africa. Depending on their studies, the first transmission of SIV in primates to HIV in humans was held this chair was created 1920s in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. The region is known to enjoy the most genetic diversity in strains of HIV much more than almost every other on the planet. This could be a clear reflection with the quantity of times SIV was passed on to humans. Besides, most all cases of AIDs were first recorded here.

Due to a well-developed transport network round the area including roads, river, and railway, it became possible for genital herpes to spread a number of other places and regions. Besides, clearly there was plus a stylish growing sex trade around the time HIV started spreading. To comprehend immigrants and sex trade, the herpes simplex virus quickly spread fast for some other areas with simply decade later the herpes virus reaching Brazzaville and that is over 120 km off from Kinshasa.

Surprisingly, by early 80s when HIV became common around the globe, part of all infections in DR Congo were outside Kinshasa which explains how rapidly the epidemic grew.

HIV while in the USA

In the 1980s, people entirely became cognizant of the HIV pandemic and officially labeled as a deadly condition everywhere. By this time the spread was slow, and few installments of rare diseases appeared to be reported among gay men in the usa cities like Kaposi’s sarcoma and lung infections, but no one knew the reason why the opportunistic diseases were spreading until later if it was concluded that it had been an infectious ailment that was causing them.

At first, the situation was perceived as a gay disease, and individuals gave it various names including gay compromise syndrome until 1982 when scientists found that condition was spreading among other populations like injection drug users especially heroin users and hemophiliacs. Later in 1983, HIV was isolated and identified by researchers in France- the Pasteur Institute who named the virus Lymphadenopathy-Associated Virus (LAV). The herpes virus was confirmed to generally be what causes it for AIDS. Other researchers working with the USA National Cancer Institute also isolated the virus and referred to it as HTLV-III. It is simply later how the two studies were acknowledged to remain the same thing.

In the exact same year, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention listed all sets of people in jeopardy including people injecting drugs, partners of an individual while using virus, hemophiliacs and people which were to Haiti bigger time. Due to immeasurable panic and lack of understanding, people began group people and related those to HIV. Then came out the Four-H-Club: Homosexuals, Hemophiliacs, Haitians and Heroin addicts. This even worsened as stigmatization went high before more research was conducted and many more information create there about the “deadly” virus.

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